A decade of progress in sports and exercise neuroscience from 2012 to 2022:A review and perspectives
With the advancement of brain imaging technologies,sports,and exercise Neuroscience has entered a new phase of development under the influence of embodied cognition theory.This transition has led to innovative changes in research methods and techniques,resulting in a more focused approach to research themes.The structural and functional changes in the brain induced by physical activity directly impact the adaptability of individual behavior.The facilitative effects of exercise on cognition,emotion,and sociability have been identified with specific neural representations in localized brain regions,circuits,networks,or overall brain architecture.Physical activity and exercise interventions are found to enhance the structure and function of the prefrontal cortex,promoting neural plasticity and improving cognitive abilities such as attention,memory,and inhibitory control.These benefits are particularly pronounced during critical periods of cognitive development in children and adolescents,as well as during cognitive decline in the elderly.Additionally,exercise can strengthen the structure and function of the prefrontal cortex and its control over the limbic system,enhancing emotional regulation capabilities.It may also directly influence emotional brain regions through bottom-up processes.Besides its role in physical and mental health,exercise also plays an irreplaceable and important role in the prevention of diseases,maintenance of brain health,and treatment of brain diseases.In the realm of competitive sports,the development of cognitive neuroscience has delved into the potential neural basis for athletes'exceptional performance.This includes exploring brain activity during motor learning,representation,observation,and decision-making processes in athletes,and attempting to explain the neural mechanisms of differences between experts and novices.These insights provide theoretical support for sports training and talent selection.Furthermore,a deeper understanding of sports and exercise neuroscience has propelled the evolution of sports training science,advancing from traditional physical and psychological training to include neural training.Future research in exercise cognitive neuroscience should fully recognize the highly complex non-kinetic characteristics of the impact of physical behavior on the brain.It is essential to emphasize the influence of individual differences on diverse outcomes when interpreting research findings.Special consideration should be given to the value and role of the body as an agent in psychological and brain functions.Moreover,in the era of big data,an open science approach should be adopted,integrating artificial intelligence technologies to meet the new challenges that digitization brings to exercise cognitive neuroscience.This integration will not only enhance the field's methodological toolkit but also expand the horizons of research,allowing for more sophisticated analyses and interpretations of the complex interactions between physical activity and brain function.The convergence of these disciplines heralds a transformative era in which the boundaries of our understanding of the brain-body relationship are continually being redefined,offering exciting prospects for both scientific discovery and practical applications in enhancing human health and performance.
万方数据
维普
