Effects of environmental stress on human brain development and its mechanisms
Human brain development is regulated by both genetic and environmental factors.The environment,including social and natural aspects,plays a significant role at different stages of development.In recent years,scientists have become increasingly focused on trying to understand the complex relationship between the environment and how the human brain develops.Researchers have placed greater emphasis on the influence of socio-economic status,social interactions and socio-cultural background on human brain development when studying the social environment.Similarly,the impact of particulate matter in the air,heavy metals and emerging pollutants in the natural environment on human brain development has received increasing attention.These factors have attracted attention because of their potential effects on brain development.It is important to recognise that the social and natural environments interact to shape the unique characteristics of different regions,resulting in variation in environmental effects on children's brain development.This comprehensive review provides multi-level evidence,from the molecular to the individual and organ level,of how different environmental factors affect human brain development,combining epidemiological and toxicological data.This review summarises the mechanisms and effects of environmental factors on human brain development during childhood.Adverse environmental stressors have been identified as factors that may have an impact on brain development.It is important to note that these environmental stressors exert their effects in a manner that is dependent on the type and dose of exposure.In addition,the human brain responds to environmental stimuli in a way that is specific to each period.To understand the combined effects of multiple environmental factors on human brain development,it is crucial to adopt an environmental neuroscience perspective.Therefore,it is important to consider the combined effects of multiple environmental factors.Existing studies have mainly focused on investigating the effects of individual exposures to environmental factors on human brain development,neglecting the combined effects that occur in real-world exposure environments.Thus,the aim of future research should be to further elucidate the complex interactions between human brain development and the environment.To understand the links between multiple environmental stressors and human brain development,breakthroughs in research technology are essential.To this end,there is a need for the construction of comprehensive models that take into account factorial corrections through the use of big data analytics.A model should take into account the impact of different environmental factors,such as pollutants,climate and other stressors,on brain development.By accurately simulating the combined effects of these factors,we can quantify the overall impact of complex environmental systems on human brain development.This will provide scientific support for the formulation of policies to protect the environment and for interventions in public health.In summary,it is of paramount importance to understand the interplay between genetic and environmental factors in the development of the human brain.Through the study of the multiple influences of the environment,we can improve our knowledge of how different environmental factors shape human brain development and its long-term consequences.We can pave the way for evidence-based environmental policies and interventions that promote healthy brain development through interdisciplinary efforts and the use of advanced research techniques.
brain developmentsocial environmentnatural environmentenvironmental exposuremechanisms of action
万方数据
维普
