Progress in protein atlas of colorectal precancerous lesions
Colorectal cancer(CRC)ranks as the third most prevalent malignancy globally in terms of incidence and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Recent trends indicate an increase in both incidence and mortality rates,thereby presenting a significant threat to public health.Precancerous lesions of the colon and rectum,which carry a risk of malignant transformation,are crucial in the context of CRC prevention.Understanding and addressing these lesions are essential for advancing preventive strategies against CRC.With advancements in detection technology,it is now possible to characterize the microscopic pathological changes of colorectal precancerous lesions through protein mapping.Our paper provides a comprehensive review of studies conducted over the past two decades on the differential protein expression and mechanisms of action associated with three types of colorectal precancerous lesions:adenomas,serrated lesions,and laterally spreading tumors.The studies predominantly employed methodologies such as Western blotting,immunohistochemistry,and high-throughput proteomic technologies.Proteins characteristic of tissue,blood,and fecal samples from patients with colorectal adenomas are frequently associated with cellular proliferation,migration,the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition,and immune evasion.In contrast,proteins differentially expressed in serrated lesions predominantly participate in genetic mutations,CpG island methylation,and mismatch repair mechanisms.Meanwhile,proteins implicated in the progression of laterally spreading tumors to CRC are primarily linked to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Furthermore,protein families including S100 calcium-binding proteins,mucins,and heat shock proteins are integral to various biological processes.Certain proteins within these families are regarded as potential biomarkers for the malignant transformation of precancerous lesions,offering valuable insights for the screening,diagnosis,and intervention of colorectal precancerous conditions.Additionally,our paper addresses the limitations of current research,such as the restricted sample sizes,the narrow range of sample types,and the insufficient exploration of underlying mechanisms.The study further proposes several avenues for future research,emphasizing the need to broaden the research cohort and diversify sample types.It advocates for the development of predictive models through the integration of multi-omics approaches and machine learning techniques,alongside the enhancement of fundamental experimental research.These efforts aim to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the alterations in protein profiles associated with the progression of colorectal precancerous lesions to malignant states,facilitate the identification of early diagnostic markers for CRC,and aid in the development of therapeutic targets.
colorectal cancerprecancerous lesionsproteinsbiomarkermechanism of action
万方数据
维普
