Evaluation of Technological Innovation Efficiencies of CNC Machine Tools Listed Enterprises and the Impact of National Science and Technology Major Projects:Based on Three-Stage DEA Model and Malmquist Productivity Index
The market size of China's CNC machine tool industry ranks among the top in the world.However,the industry is"big but weak".There are facts that domestic products mainly occupy the middle and low-end market in the industry,enterprises lag behind in the development of cutting-edge technology,and the development of leading enterprises has entered a trough,etc.The current research on China's CNC machine tool industry lacks empirical view on the perfor-mance of enterprise innovation efficiency under the influence of policies,and the understanding and measurement of technological innovation efficiency in existing research are mostly the adoption of common indicators,lacking the analy-sis of index construction based on theoretical thinking.Especially for the application of patent indicators,most existing studies only adopt the number of patent applications or patent authorizations as the measurement indicators of techno-logical innovation,which leads to the deficient of analysis dimensions.For key industries such as CNC machine tools,which are included into core tasks of the national strategy,the impact of national science and technology major project on the innovation and development of enterprises makes great sense.Empirical analysis considering the impact of policies can not only illustrate the characteristics of technological innovation efficiency more precisely,but also provide feedback and suggestions for related policies.This research conducted the dynamic and static evaluation analysis of the innovation efficiency during 2015-2019 of 25 Chinese CNC machine tool listed enterprises based on the theoretical connotation of technological innovation,and in-troduced the policy variable as the analysis dimension.In terms of indicators,patent indicators such as"patented technolo-gy breadth"and"patented technology depth"are innovatively introduced into the evaluation system,and the indicators of economic benefits are introduced as well to enrich the connotation of indicators.In terms of the model,on the one hand,the three-stage DEA model is used to evaluate the innovation efficiency of enterprises from a static perspective,while identifying and eliminating the influence of environmental factors;on the other hand,the Malmquist productivity index is used to analyze the changing characteristics of efficiency from a dynamic perspective.In terms of the analysis dimension,the results are divided into two groups for comparison according to whether the enterprises have been supported by the na-tional science and technology major project or not.The results suggest that the environmental variable development of regional economics has a positive effect on im-proving enterprise innovation efficiency.Excluding the influence of environmental factors,the value of more than half of the sample enterprises'comprehensive innovation efficiency is within the range of 0.8～1,while the inefficient performance of the domestic leading enterprises such as Qinchuan Machine Tool & Tool Group Corp.and Shenyang Machine Tool Co.,Ltd.is not conducive to the upgrading of China's market structure.The total factor productivity(TFP)of Chinese CNC machine tool enterprises was on the rise during 2015-2019,mainly driven by technological progress,which stands for the improvement of the industrial technology frontier.The comparative analysis considering the role of policies suggests that,the innovation efficiency of enterprises with support of policies was on the rise,while that of enterprises without support of policies was declining,which affirmed the role of the science and technology major project policies in promoting the improving of enterprises'innovation efficiency.For some private enterprises that are without the support of major projects in the business competition,they have demonstrated relatively high innovation efficiency,and deserve attention in future policies.Fully absorbing the innovative power of these CNC machine tool enterprises could be an important driving factor for China's CNC machine tool industry to achieve innovative breakthroughs in the future.
CNC machine tools listed enterprisestechnological innovation efficiency evaluationmajor science and technology project policiesthree-stage DEA modelMalmquist productivity index
万方数据
