Research on the Evaluation of City Innovation Ecosystem:Analysis of 100 Chinese Cities
In the new era,the construction of city innovation ecosystems has received widespread attention from governments at all levels,serving as a driving force for the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy.Hence,the objective and comprehensive assessment of city innovation ecosystem is crucial,which not only enables a scien-tific analysis of city's competitiveness and innovation development but also helps identify challenges and pain points in the city's innovation development.City innovation ecosystem denotes an open system composed of various innovation actors,characterized by distinct structural traits and functions.Within this innovation ecosystem,a variety of innovation actors can engage in simultaneous interactions with other actors both within and outside the ecosystem,facilitating the generation and systematic utilization of knowledge or innovation resources.Specifically,from an internal perspective,innovation actors are the primary participants and achievers of local innovation activities,serving as the foundational units for constructing the innovation ecosystem.The synergistic interaction of these heterogeneous innovation actors is the core content of ecosystem construction and also drive the high-level evolution of the ecosystem.From an external perspective,every city has its own innovation ecosystem,but these ecosystems do not exist in isolation.In detail,when these innovation actors cannot rely solely on local resources to achieve their innovation objectives,they can turn to establish collaborative relationships with external innovation ecosystems in order to maximize the utilization of external resources.Furthermore,city innovation ecosystem can spontaneously absorb new members and promptly eliminate outdated ones to enhance the system's coherence and overall innovation capacity.Drawing extensively from well-established literature,this study introduces a three-layer comprehensive evaluation in-dex,including innovation actors,the construction of the innovation ecosystem,and the embeddedness of city innovation eco-systems.Given the substantial influence of the"top 100 GDP"cities on China's economic and social development,this study specifically targets the top 100 cities in the 2019 GDP rankings.Based on the linear comprehensive method,the measure-ment model is established to calculate the final scores for the innovation ecosystems of each city.Finally,according to the evaluation results of 100 sampled cities,the following conclusions can be drawn:(1)Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen,and Guangzhou,as the super cities in China,continue to improve the development level of the city in-novation ecosystem,maintaining a sustained leading position.(2)Leading regions show a clear trend of catching up in the development of innovation ecosystem,with a focus on major cities.(3)In China,several advanced city innovation ecosys-tem have been essentially established,and a regional innovation development pattern characterized by multi-centered and distinctive features also has taken shape.(4)There is a noticeable disparity in the development of innovation ecosystems among various cities.Eastern coastal cities are at the forefront of innovation ecosystem development,whereas cities like Mianyang,Zunyi,Baotou,Ordos,and Yulin lag behind.At the provincial level,central cities lead in innovation ecosystem development compared to other cities within the province,highlighting persistent issues of provincial imbalance.
city innovation ecosysteminnovation actorsthe construction of innovation ecosystemexternal embedded-ness
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