National High-Tech Development Zone,Innovation Cooperation and Innovation Quality:Based on the Perspective of Dual Innovation Cooperation
National High-Tech Development Zone(HTDZ)is a typical representative of innovation ecosystem and an important carrier to enhance the effectiveness of innovation system.With 0.1％of the national land area,HTDZs create more than one-third of China's invention patents and occupy an important position in China's innovation development.Therefore,HTDZ is an important research subject and perspective for China's innovation development.Currently,China's innovation policy has increasingly emphasized the innovation ecosystem,focusing on the mutual cooperation among dif-ferent innovation agents.This paper proposes a theoretical framework of dual innovation cooperation.Dual innovation refers to the combina-tion of innovation subjects carrying out exploration innovation and exploitation innovation,integrating internal and exter-nal innovation resources,then enhancing innovation capacity and achieving innovation development.The original inten-tion of the national High-Tech Development Zone policy is to break the dual structure of relative separation between knowledge and industry.In this innovation ecosystem,the exploration innovation and exploitation innovation of innova-tion subjects can be better combined,and different innovation subjects can better cooperate with each other,thus im-proving the quality of innovation.This paper combines dual innovation with innovation ecosystem and proposes a theoreti-cal framework of dual innovation cooperation for the analysis of innovation cooperation in national HTDZs.In the empirical analysis,this paper investigates the impact of National HTDZs on innovation cooperation and the im-pact of different types of innovation cooperation on patent quality by using multi-period difference-in-differences(DID)model,empirically analyzing exploration innovation and exploitation innovation cooperation.This paper organizes and combines the full sample of China's patent data,China's high-tech zone establishment data and China's urban economic de-velopment data to construct a dataset from 1991-2018.Compared with the existing literature,the data used in this paper in the empirical study has three advantages.First,in terms of statistical subject,the data in this paper cover all types of appli-cants,including enterprises,universities,research institutes and individuals.Second,in terms of measurement indicator,the data in this paper not only contain unique patent indicators,but also further calculate important indicators that are not used in the existing literature.Third,in terms of time scope,the data in this paper covers the period from 1991 to 2018,which can reflect the overall development of China's innovation.On this basis,this paper establishes the basic regression model and the dual innovation regression model respectively for empirical analysis.First,this paper uses the multi-period difference-in-differences(DID)model to establish the baseline regression model and selects the control group by various methods to mitigate endogeneity.Next,this paper analyzes for dual innovation cooperation through specific characteristic indicators of patents in exploration innovation and exploitation innovation.It is found that national HTDZs significantly promote innovation cooperation,and innovation cooperation is condu-cive to improving innovation quality.The national HTDZ significantly improves 39.2％of cooperation patents in the host city,and the results are still significant after a series of robustness tests.The results of heterogeneity analysis show that the impact of national HTDZs on innovation cooperation differs for different industries,with the largest contribution for elec-tronic information industry and the smallest contribution for food industry,but the contribution is robust and significant in general.From the perspective of dual innovation,innovation cooperation embodies stronger exploration innovation with stronger scientific and technical knowledge,but focuses more on short-term transactional benefit and neglects long-term control benefit in terms of exploitation innovation.At the same time,HTDZs have positive moderating effects on both ex-ploration innovation and exploitation innovation cooperation.This paper enriches the research on innovation ecosystems affecting innovation cooperation and innovation quality,improving the understanding of dual innovation cooperation.Based on the findings,this paper proposes policy recommen-dations in strengthening innovation cooperation in innovation ecosystems.
innovation ecosystemnational High-Tech Development Zoneinnovation cooperationinnovation quali-tydual innovation cooperation
万方数据
维普
