首页|知识产权保护促进了企业创新质量的提升吗?——来自国家知识产权示范城市的准自然实验

知识产权保护促进了企业创新质量的提升吗?——来自国家知识产权示范城市的准自然实验

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创新质量是引领经济高质量发展的关键,保护知识产权就是保护创新.本研究基于2007-2020年中国A股上市企业样本数据,以国家知识产权示范城市试点政策为准自然实验,运用双重差分法考察了知识产权保护对企业创新质量的影响.研究发现,国家知识产权保护示范城市试点政策显著提升了企业的创新质量,并且这一结论在经过安慰剂检验、替换被解释变量、工具变量克服内生性及控制时间趋势等一系列稳健性检验后,结果依然显著为正.机制检验表明,国家知识产权保护示范城市政策通过实质性技术创新与优化资源配置两条路径影响企业创新质量提升.一方面,知识产权保护试点政策为企业技术提供良好的制度环境保障及完善的司法保护体系,有效激励了企业展开实质性技术创新,进而对企业创新质量产生积极影响.另一方面,知识产权保护试点政策为企业引进高素质人才和富含高技术的资本提供了良好的宏观环境,有助于企业优化创新要素的配置效率,并对创新质量产生积极影响.异质性分析表明:其一,基于企业所有权视角,相较于国有企业,知识产权保护政策带来的冲击效应更有利于提高非国有性质企业的技术创新质量;其二,从城市行政级别和功能的异质性角度来看,该政策对行政级别较高的城市企业的创新质量的提升具有较大影响.对此,落实知识产权强国战略建设、促进技术创新高质量发展和形成高质量知识产权治理体系不仅需要重视制度政策的驱动作用,同时也需要注重激励性政策对企业高质量发展内生动力的冲击效应.
Does Intellectual Property Protection Promote the Improvement of the Quality of Enterprise Innovation?Quasi-Natural Experiments from National Intellectual Property Demonstration Cities
Innovation is the core driver of leading development,and promoting high-quality economic development must elevate the issue of IPR protection to a national strategic level.As a typical combination of IPR protection policies,the pilot policy of model cities for IPR protection makes up for the shortcomings of the IPR protection mechanism,stimulates the innovation vitality of enterprises,and accelerates the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.Ob-serving Chinese A-share listed enterprises from 2007 to 2020,the asymptotic DID model is constructed to examine the im-pact of IPR protection on enterprise innovation quality in a quasi-natural experiment with IPR demonstration cities,which effectively avoids the interference of other influencing factors on the estimation results.For the measurement of enterprise innovation quality,patent cited data and patent knowledge width are used as proxy variables for enterprise innovation quali-ty,which effectively reduces the error of indirectly measuring innovation quality using patent quantity measurement.The study results show that,on the one hand,the pilot policy of IPR demonstration cities has a significant positive impact on the innovation quality of enterprises,and the estimation results using the OLS model and FE model are non-dif-ferential.The event study method results indicate that the impact of the pilot policy of IP demonstration cities on the quali-ty of corporate innovation satisfies the parallel trend hypothesis,and the impact of the pilot policy on the quality of corpo-rate innovation shows an increasing trend from year to year.The main regression results remain significantly positive after a series of robustness tests such as the placebo test,instrumental variables,replacing the explanatory variables,excluding the interference of other policies,and controlling for the time trend term.On the other hand,based on the analysis of insti-tutional change theory and externality theory,it is found that IPR protection has a positive impact on the quality of enter-prise innovation mainly through two transmission paths,namely,stimulating enterprises'substantive technological innova-tion and optimizing resource allocation efficiency.First,the pilot policy of intellectual property protection provides enter-prises with an excellent institutional environment and perfect judicial protection,which effectively stimulates enterprises to launch substantive technological innovation and positively impacts the quality of enterprise innovation.Second,the pi-lot policy of intellectual property protection provides an excellent macro environment for enterprises to introduce high-technology talents and high-technology-rich capital,which helps enterprises adjust the allocation efficiency of innova-tion factors and positively impacts the quality of innovation.In addition,the heterogeneity analysis finds that the nature of firm ownership and the administrative level of the city have heterogeneous effects on the quality of innovation of firms af-fected by IPR protection.First,from the perspective of enterprise ownership,the impact effect of IPR protection policy is more beneficial to improve the technological innovation quality of non-state-owned enterprises compared to state-owned enterprises;second,from the perspective of heterogeneity of administrative level and function of cities,the policy only im-proves the innovation quality of enterprises in cities with high administrative level compared to enterprises in general cities.Based on this,implementing the construction of a robust IP strategy,promoting high-quality development of techno-logical innovation,and forming a high-quality IP governance system need to pay attention not only to the driving role of institutional policies but also to the stimulating effect of incentive policies on the endogenous motivation of enterprises for high-quality development.Finally,there are still points for further research on this topic due to the space limitation.On the one hand,the study on the path mechanism of intellectual property protection inhibiting enterprise innovation has not been empirically tested.On the other hand,there is a lack of examining the impact of IPR protection on enterprise innova-tion quality based on the perspective of the knowledge spillover effect.Therefore,examining the research on the potential inhibitory paths of IPR protection on enterprise technological innovation and the relationship between IPR protection and enterprise innovation activities based on the technology spillover effect is an important direction to focus on in the future.

intellectual property protectionquality of innovationDIDsubstantive technological innovationre-source allocation efficiency

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中国计量大学经济与管理学院,杭州 310018

上海大学法学院,上海 200444

上海大学悉尼工商学院,上海 201899

上海应用技术大学经济与管理学院,上海 201418

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知识产权保护 创新质量 DID 实质性技术创新 资源配置效率

国家自然科学基金项目世界银行营商环境评估标准的法律问题研究

712021032018BFX010

2024

科学学与科学技术管理
中国科学学与科技政策研究会 天津市科学学研究所

科学学与科学技术管理

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.68
ISSN:1002-0241
年,卷(期):2024.45(3)
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