Analysis of the Evolutionary Logic and Trends of the U.S.National Artificial Intelligence Strategy from the Perspective of Innovation Systems
Recently,U.S.startup Open AI released ChatGPT,a chatbot program,whose powerful learning,under-standing,and conversational capabilities are sought after by users worldwide.The success of the big language model repre-sented by ChatGPT indicates that AI has entered a new stage,where richer content production and smoother interactive ex-periences not only expand the application scenarios of AI,but also accelerate the landing of new business models,which will have a huge impact on economic development and social life.The U.S.continues to lead the global technological breakthroughs in artificial intelligence and occupies a global leadership position in the field of artificial intelligence.Based on the background of U.S.AI development advantages,this study attempts to analyze the internal mechanism of AI national strategy design from the Obama administration to the Biden administration from the perspective of U.S.top-level strategy,clarify the trend of U.S.AI top-level strategy,and decipher the path law of the U.S.in enhancing the global competitiveness of AI R&D and innovation.Thus,it summarizes the U.S.experience in formulating and laying out AI strategies and policies,and combines it with the current situation of China's AI development to provide insights and suggestions for China's advancement of AI strategies and policies.Adopting the historical analysis method to deeply excavate the text of the U.S.national AI strategy and grasp the evo-lution of the U.S.national AI strategy.The horizontal analysis framework of AI industrial innovation system is introduced to combine the historical perspective with the innovation system perspective to analyze the continuity and dynamics with-in the U.S.national AI strategy,with a view to presenting a clearer picture of the evolutionary logic of the U.S.national AI strategy,and to provide theoretical support for the prediction of the development trend of the U.S.national AI strategy.The main conclusions drawn are:the continuity of the U.S.national AI strategy is reflected in the four aspects of high-intensity investment in basic AI research,the cultivation of AI talents,the promotion of big data strategy,and the con-struction of the organizational mechanism of AI;the dynamics of the U.S.national AI strategy is manifested in the pro-liferation of the industrialization and commercialization of AI,the strengthening of the role of AI enterprises,and the appli-cation of the new crown epidemic scenarios,strengthening AI international cooperation in four aspects;the continuity of the U.S.national AI strategy interacts with the dynamics to promote the development of U.S.AI,which is manifested in the continuous investment in AI basic research,the construction of AI public-private partnerships,the comprehensive layout of AI infrastructure,and the strengthening of the domestic AI strategy to guide and the construction of the inter-national AI environment.As a preliminary attempt to analyze the internal logic of U.S.AI strategy and policy,this study also has some limita-tions.First,the analytical framework based on the AI industrial innovation system needs to be improved.In order to ensure the unity of the subsequent analysis,a more detailed division of the AI industrial innovation system is not made,and the internal complexity of the AI industrial system is simplified.Second,this study mainly explores the continuity and dynamics of the evolution of U.S.AI strategy and policy,aiming to gain insight into the development trend of U.S.na-tional AI strategy and policy through the dual attributes of strategy and policy evolution.Limited by space and the research purpose of this research,the influencing factors of continuity and dynamics are not further analyzed,and focusing on the deeper reasons for the evolution of the U.S.national AI strategy and policy is one of the possible research direc-tions in the future.
United Statesartificial intelligenceinnovation systemsstrategic evolution
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