Tournament or Qualification?Research on Academician Co-selection Mode and Mechanism Analysis
Academician is the highest honorary title in the field of science and technology and engineering science and technology in China,and academicians of the two academies are an important force in promoting high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement.Academician selection system directly affects the grassroots scien-tific and technological talent training standards,academician selection mechanism also reflects the entire scientific and technological talent selection system,in order to standardize the process of academician selection,the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering promulgated the corresponding selection of the implementation of the corresponding additional measures,to promote the academician title to further return to the honorary,academic nature.The selection process of academicians of the two academies is complicated,and each stage of the selection will be dis-turbed by different factors,which will affect the results of academician selection.Academician co-option mode as a race system and the form of selection becomes a key factor affecting the probability of election of academicians,participants in the academician co-option many times,the number of candidates will be formed to add up to explore in the final academi-cian evaluation meeting,whether the number of candidates will become a priority to be considered,that is,whether there is a"queuing"tendency,and further judgment.To further determine whether the academician selection mode is a tourna-ment or a qualification match,and to reveal the main influencing factors of academician selection,it is of great signifi-cance to standardize the process of academician selection and improve the academician system in China.In order to reveal the mode of academician election and explore its internal mechanism,we take the lists of academi-cians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering published in the eight academician elections from 2007 to 2021 as the research samples and construct the continuous double-checking model and the multi-pe-riod double-difference model with intermediary to analyze the direct impact and the internal mechanism of academician election in terms of the number of candidacies of the candidates,the number of highly cited papers published,and the number of the national scientific and technological awards won by the candidates,respectively.influence and internal mechanism.The results show that:(1)the number of candidates can have a significant positive impact on the process of academician election,and there is a significant tendency of"queuing up",i.e.,the academician election mode is a tourna-ment mode;(2)the publication of highly cited papers by participants can play a positive mediating role between the num-ber of candidacies and the probability of academician election,significantly increasing the probability of academician elec-tion;(3)the direct role between the number of candidacies and the probability of academician election of the participants shows a trend of enhancement under the influence of obtaining the three national scientific and technological awards.Based on the findings of this paper,taking into account the new round of academician election implementation measures,put forward to reduce the"tournament"academician election mode on academician co-option negative impact of the three proposals:(1)to reduce the"queuing"on the academician election results of the negative impact,the implementation of the measures added the external peer experts.The implementation measures have increased the external peer expert evalua-tion procedure,further expanding the scope of evaluation experts,which can reduce the closed nature of the evaluation process,and hedge the negative impact of the"queuing"tendency on the results of academician co-option in the Academi-cian Election Conference;(2)from the perspective of queuing theory,the guidelines of academician co-option break down the number of co-option quotas into specific disciplines,which can minimize the influence of"queuing"on the result of ac-ademician co-option;(3)the co-option of academicians of the two academies implements the system of recusal in the proce-dure of election,evaluation,and election,and publishes the method of preventing favoritism and greetings in the co-option,which further weakened the unfavorable influence of non-academic factors on the result of academician co-option.
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