Environmental Regulation,Green Innovation and Agricultural Carbon Productivity
Faced with global environmental issues climate change,countries are exploring the path of green and low-carbon development.The low-carbon transformation of agriculture is a necessary part of China's implementation of the"carbon peak and carbon neutrality"strategic goal.Faced with the dual constraints of resources and environment,clari-fying the internal mechanism and key path to improve agricultural carbon productivity,resolving the contradiction be-tween resource environment and agricultural economic development,is an inherent requirement for the development of green and low-carbon agriculture.Agricultural green innovation,as a key driving force for low-carbon transformation in agriculture,has been vigorously developed.The government also attaches great importance to using environmental regula-tion interventions to achieve coordinated development between the environment and the economy.However,the role of en-vironmental regulation in green innovation is still controversial.Studying the impact of heterogeneous environmental regu-lations on agricultural green innovation and the path of their impact on agricultural carbon productivity,testing the validity of the"Porter hypothesis"in the agricultural field,and exploring how to reasonably optimize agricultural environmental regulations according to national conditions have important theoretical and practical significance for achieving green and high-quality agricultural development and achieving the"dual carbon"goal.The article uses provincial-level panel data from China from 2000 to 2016 to first measure agricultural carbon produc-tivity and conduct descriptive feature analysis on it;Secondly,a simultaneous equation model was constructed for empiri-cal analysis,dividing agricultural environmental regulations into three categories:command based,market based,and voluntary.The subjects of agricultural green innovation were subdivided into two categories:agricultural enterprises and agricultural research institutions.The impact mechanism,heterogeneity,and spillover effects of agricultural environmental regulations on agricultural green innovation and agricultural carbon productivity were explored.The results indicate that:(1)Three types of agricultural environmental regulations,namely command based,market based,and voluntary based,all have a positive effect on the agricultural green innovation of agricultural enterprises,which in turn enhances agricultural carbon productivity and validates the strong"Porter hypothesis"in the agricultural field.Among them,the direct impact of market-oriented environmental regulations on agricultural carbon productivity is more important.Command based and voluntary environmental regulations also have a significant promoting effect on agricultural green innovation in agricultural research institutions,but the impact of this subject's agricultural green innovation on agricultural carbon productivity has not been tested,thus verifying the weak"Porter hypothesis"in the agricultural field;(2)After incorporating the spillover effects of agricultural green innovation into the model,the results are still consistent with the conclusion of benchmark re-gression,but the role of environmental regulation and the local effects of agricultural green innovation have decreased.The results also indicate that the spillover of agricultural green innovation in neighboring or ecologically similar areas can directly improve the agricultural carbon productivity of the region,and can significantly promote the improvement of the agricultural green innovation level of the two main entities in the region.Moreover,through the agricultural green innova-tion of agricultural enterprises,the agricultural carbon productivity of the region can be indirectly improved.Based on the research findings,the policy recommendations proposed in the research are as follows:firstly,establish a balanced and diverse environmental regulatory system,pay attention to the coordination and cooperation of regulatory tools,and imple-ment them scientifically according to local conditions;Secondly,strengthen policy support for green innovation activities of agricultural enterprises,stimulate the supply of agricultural green research and development,and improve"market failure";Thirdly,improve the efficiency of public research investment,solve the problem of inconsistent supply and de-mand of green technologies in agriculture in the public sector,and improve"government failure".
environmental regulationgreen innovationagricultural carbon productivityspillovereffectsimultaneous equation model
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万方数据
