Research progress on the modulations of the three-phase interface of carbon-based transition metal single atom catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction
The four-electron oxygen reduction reaction plays a pivotal role as a catalyst in fuel cells and metal-air batteries.In recent years,carbon-based transition metal single-atom catalysts have emerged as potential alternatives to commercial Pt-based noble metal catalysts due to their high atom utilization efficiency,tunable electronic structures,and exceptional catalytic performance,thereby attracting widespread attention.However,these catalysts face challenges of sluggish reaction kinetics and insufficient structural stability during the ORR process,which directly limit the enhancement of electrochemical performance in related batteries.This paper reviews the research progress in triple-phase interface modulations of carbon-based transition metal single-atom catalysts for oxygen reduction catalysis.It first introduces the catalytic mechanism of ORR and the mechanism of performance degradation.Furthermore,it highlights the mechanisms by which coordination environment design and carbon support design optimize catalyst activity and stability by regulating the intrinsic activity,electrical conductivity,mass transfer efficiency,and stability of the catalyst's triple-phase interface.Finally,the paper provides an outlook on the research directions for triple-phase interface characteristics of these catalysts,aiming to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for further advancing the application of carbon-based transition metal single-atom catalysts in energy conversion and storage fields.
oxygen reduction reactionsingle atom catalyststhree-phase interfacecoordination environment designscarbon support designs
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