魏晋玄学的有无之辩与儒道的碰撞统合
The Debate between Being and Nothingness of Wei-Jin Metaphysics and the Collision and Integration of Confucianism and Daoism
孙宝山1
作者信息
- 1. 中央民族大学哲学与宗教学学院 北京100081
- 折叠
摘要
魏晋玄学虽然道家色彩浓厚,并有"新道家"之称,但实际上是儒道碰撞统合的产物.围绕有无之辩这条主线,魏晋玄学家们从有无本体、有无功用、有无境界三个方面展开讨论.何晏、王弼从以"无"为本体引发出"无"的功用和"无"的境界,以调节名教与自然的关系,试图将儒家与道家统合起来,但将社会风气导向了虚无.裴(頠)以"有"为本体提高"有"的功用,肯定儒家的礼教名分,以消除由尊崇道家的"无"所导致的虚无浮华、轻视礼法、漠视功业的社会风气.郭象在一定程度上承接了裴(頠)以"有"为本体的理路,但又主张自生无待、有无相合,倡导立足世间、顺性自足、安命守分,最终把名教与 自然、儒家与道家统合起来.
Abstract
Although most of Metaphysics in the Wei and Jin dynasties have a strong Daoist flavor,and there is a"Neo-Daoism",but in fact is the product of the collision of Confucianism and Daoism,this paper mainly focuses on the main line of the debate between Being and Nothingness and discusses it from three aspects:the essence of Being and Nothingness,the function of Being and Nothingness,and the realm of Being and Nothingness.He Yan and Wang Bi derived the function of Nothingness and the realm of Nothingness from"taking Nothingnes as the root",attempting to unite Confucianism and Daoism,but orienting the social atmosphere towards a nihilistic absence.Pei Wei established the theory of Emphasizing Being,enhancing the utility of Being and affirming the Confucian rites and names,in order to eliminate the social trend of vanity,contempt for rites and laws,and indifference to merit,which was caused by the reverence for the Daoist Nothingness.Guo Xiang took over Pei Wei's line of reasoning,which took being as the essence,but also believed that every thing has a particular"share"of it's nature,and advocated the being self-sufficient and contented with one's life,and ultimately unified Confucianism and Daoism.
关键词
玄学/儒道/有无/王弼/裴(頠)/郭象Key words
Wei-Jin Metaphysics/Confucianism and Daoism/Wang Bi/Pei Wei/Guo Xiang引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金一般项目(19BZX065)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据