Benevolence is the core concept of Confucianism.Confucius founded benevolence on the basis of the rites in the Spring and Autumn Period.The rites of the nobility during the Spring and Autumn period were already reflected in the rites of the Western Zhou period.Confucius'evaluation of Guan Zhong as"benevolent"is an affirmation of the noble gentleman's defense of the Xia Community during the hegemonic period.After the tyrant,the scholar-official was monopolized,and the ceremony from form to connotation encountered difficulties.Confucius taught his disciples to broaden their intellectual horizon and to keep within the bounds of propriety,to achieve a gentleman through learning,to infuse benevolence in rites.Both"Nengji"and"Yueji"can"perform benevolence".Confucius did not oppose politics,but opposed his disciples rushing into politics.Confucius benevolence theory provided support to the doctrine of rites since the Duke of Zhou from the intrinsic value,so that Confucianism took benevolence as the core value,took rites as the order standard,and formed a stable theoretical theory of"harmony between internal and external Dao".
ConfuciusBenevolenceRitesHegemony of GovernmentThe Spring and Autumn Period
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