由安大简《仲尼曰》重论"慎独"
Rediscussing the Concept"Shendu"from Zhongni Yue in Anda Bamboo Slips
李锐1
作者信息
- 1. 北京师范大学历史学院史学研究所 北京 100875
- 折叠
摘要
古来有关"慎独"(即"慎其独",下同)的讨论非常多,马王堆汉墓帛书和郭店楚墓竹简《五行》中有"慎独",引起了学界的讨论.近出安徽大学藏战国竹简《仲尼曰》中再次出现了"慎独",有助于对"慎独"问题的探讨.讨论"慎独"问题,关键在于是否能将诸书中的"慎独"进行融贯的解释.综合排比传世典籍与出土简帛,诸篇章多与孔子或子思(学派)有关.而安大简《仲尼曰》中孔子语"慎独"在时间上较传世典籍和此前出土简帛为早,其含义与"心"没有直接关系.因此,"慎独"的独居独处之说仍可成立,而以独为心乃是《五行》传文中的说法,是发展出来的观念.对"慎独"的理解,应该根据语境来解释,不必追求融贯之说.
Abstract
There were many debates about"Shendu"since ancient times."Shendu"were found in the Mawangdui Silk Books and the Guodian Bamboo Slips Wuxing,which had aroused discussions in the academic community.The recent Zhongni Yue in Anda Bamboo Slips also had"Shendu",contributing to the argument.The key of"Shendu"lies in if we could interpret"Shendu"in various books in a coherent manner.Comprehensively comparing the classics and the unearthed documents,most of the chapters were related to Confucius or Zisi(or Zisi school),while the Confucius'phrase"Shendu"in Zhongni Yue was the earliest one at present,and its meaning had no direct relationship with"heart".Therefore,the idea of living alone was still valid,but the solitude of the heart was.a developed concept from the Wuxing.The meaning of"Shendu"should be interpreted according to the context,so it is no need to pursue the concept of integration.
关键词
慎独/仲尼曰/五行/帛书/郭店简/安大简Key words
Shendu/Zhongni Yue/Wuxing/Silk Manuscripts/the Guodian Bamboo Slips/Anda Bamboo Slips引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据