御书·石经·圣王:太学石经与南宋初期思想史
Imperial Calligraphy,Stele Scriptures,and the Sage King:The Stele Scriptures of the National Academy and the Intellectual History of the Early Southern Song
张天舒1
作者信息
- 1. 中国社会科学院大学哲学院 北京 102401
- 折叠
摘要
南宋太学石经由宋高宗亲笔抄录并主持刊刻.高宗通过建立"御书"与"圣学"的关联,使"御书"由政事之余的玩好转为呈现"圣学"的载体.帝王抄写儒家经籍,以期塑造亲儒好学的"圣王"形象.与刊刻石经几乎同时,南宋初期的文化学术政策由"重元祐"转向"师孔孟"——太学石经是"师孔孟"政策的产物.为强化帝王的文化权力,高宗将以道学为代表的宋代新儒学斥为"专门之学",号召士人"以孔孟为师",并顺而代替道学家成为孔孟道统的承袭者:既是治国之"君",亦是弘道之"师".这种君师一致、治道合一的"圣王"观念冲击了宋代"与士大夫共治天下"的政治传统,最终导向对文化的钳制.
Abstract
The Stele Scriptures of the National Academy in the Southern Song Dynasty were personally transcribed and engraved under the supervision of Emperor Gaozong of Song.By establishing a connection between Imperial Calligraphy and Regnal Learning,Gaozong transformed imperial calligraphy from a leisurely pastime into a vehicle for expressing political and cultural ideals.Through copying Confucian classics,the emperor aimed to shape the image of a Sage King who was devoted to Confucian learning.Around the same time as the stele engraving,the academic policy of the early Southern Song shifted from"Honoring the Yuan-You School"to"Following Confucius and Mencius."The stele project was a product of this new policy.To strengthen his cultural authority,Gaozong denounced Song Neo-Confucianism,represented by the School of Daoxue,as a form of"specialized learning,"and called upon scholars to take Confucius and Mencius as their true teachers.Gaozong replaced Neo-Confucian scholars as the legitimate bearer of the Transmission of the Way(Daotong):he was both the sovereign who governed the realm and the teacher who promoted the Confucian Way.This integration of ruler and teacher in the ideal of the Sage King,which unified governance and doctrine,challenged the Song tradition of"co-governance with scholar-officials"and ultimately led to the suppression of cultural expression.
关键词
太学石经/御书/圣王/圣学/道统Key words
stele scriptures of the sational academy in the Southern Song Dynasty/imperial calligraphy/sage king/regnal learning/transmission of the way(Daotong)引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
NETL
NSTL
万方数据