Analysis of risk factors for congenital auriclar deformity and its different types
Objective:To Explore the clinical characteristics,risk factors,and differences in risk factors for different types of congenital auricular deformities,in order to provide theoretical basis for precise prevention and control of congeni-tal auriclar deformity.Methods:Full-term newborns born in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2022 to January 2023 were screened for auricle malformation,general information and data were collected,,and high-risk factors were investigated withself-made questionnaire.Using a case-control study method,newborns with auriclar de-formities were selected as the case group and those without auriclar deformities during the same period were selected as the control group.A case-control study was conducted to analyze the incidence rate,high-risk factors,and differences in high-risk factors for different types of auricle deformities.Results:A total of 1 758 newborns(3 516 ears)were included in this study,including 562 newborns(927 ears)with auriclar deformities,the incidence of congenital malformations of the auricle is 26.37％.Among them,289 ears(8.22％)were helical rim deformity,244 ears(6.94％)were lidding/lop ear,166 ears(4.72％)were mixed deformities,131 ears(3.73％)were prominent/cup ear,79 ears(2.25％)were Stahl's ears,16 ears(0.46％)were abnormal conchal crus,and 2 ears(0.06％)were cryptotia.Maternal history of infection in early pregnancy(OR=1.513,95％CI 1.119-2.045),previous miscarriage history(OR=1.300,95％CI 1.049-1.613),and abnormal pregnancy(OR=1.278,95％CI 1.032-1.582)are risk factors for congenital auricular malformations.There was no statistically significant difference in the history of infection(x2=1.877,P=0.391),previous miscarriage(x2=4.706,P=0.095),and abnormal pregnancy(x2=5.026,P=0.081)among mothers with helical rim deformity,lid-ding/lop ear,and mixed deformities.Conclusion:The incidence rate of congenital auricle deformity is high,with common malformations such as helical rim deformity,lidding/lop ear,and mixed deformities.Congenital auricular deformity is caused by various factors,the same risk factor has roughly the same impact on different types of morphological abnormal-ities.
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