Objective To compare the efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP)with different fluoroscopy methods for treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF).Methods The 56 cases of OVCFs patients treated with PKP were divided into group A(29 cases were used DSA-DynaCT fluoroscopy during the operation)and group B(27 cases were adopted with intraoperative C-arm machine fluoroscopy),according to different intraoperative fluoroscopy methods.Operation time,bone cement injection volume,unilateral puncture rate,bone cement leakage rate,pain VAS,percentage of injured vertebral height,Cobb angle and complications were recorded in the two groups.Results All patients were followed up for 1~1.5 years.There were no statistical differences in operation time,bone cement injection volume and unilateral puncture rate(P>0.05).The bone cement leakage rate of group A was lower than group B(P<0.05).Pain VAS,percentage of injured vertebral height and Cobb angles:at 3 d after surgery and the last follow-up,two groups were improved,compared with the preoperative results(P<0.05),and there were no statistical differences between the last follow-up and 3 d after surgery(P>0.05),while there were no statistical differ-ences between the two groups(P>0.05).There were no complications such as spinal cord nerve injury,pulmonary embolism,recurrent fracture of injured vertebra and bone cement displacement in both groups.Conclusions Com-pared with C-arm X-ray machine,PKP treatment of OVCF guided by DynaCT has the advantages of accuracy,safety and high efficiency.