Preparationand Characterization of Nanocellulose from Coconut Husk Fibers Based on Ionic Liquids
The main components of coconut husk fibers was separated by the 1,4-butylene glycol/water system combined with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate([Bmim][HSO4]) as a catalyst, and the cellulose-rich material was subjected to bleaching treatment of sodium chlorite to obtain pure cellulose .Then, the nanocellulose was prepared by acid hydrolysis followed by ultrasonication .The morphological behavior , chemical characterization , crystallinity index , thermostability of nanocellulose were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis(TG).The effects of [Bmim][HSO4]on the yield and properties of nanocellulose were investigated .The results showed that [ Bmim] [ HSO4 ] the extraction rate of lignin and the disposability of the cellulose , which was beneficial to the preparation of pure cellulose .Nanocellulose from coconut husk fibers still maintain the basic chemical structure and the cellulose I crystalline structure .The [ Bmim] [ HSO4 ] increased the mass loss rate of the cellulose , which led to the decrease of the nanocellulose yield .The nanocellulose from Coconut husk fiber based on ionic liquid exhibited an average length of ( 271 ±81 ) nm and a diameter of ( 6.3 ±1.8 ) nm.[ Bmim ] [ HSO4 ] had no significant effect on the size of diameter (39 nm).
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