Optimisation of Extraction Process of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.Flowers and in vitro Antioxidant and Whitening Activities
Single-factor and orthogonal tests were used to optimize the extraction process of total saponins from Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.flowers,using the total saponin yield as an indicator.The total saponins,flavonoids and phenols contents in the water extracts of S.mukorossi Gaertn.flowers and pericarp were compared.Furthermore,the antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH·,ABTS+·,O2-·radical scavenging test,and ferric ion reducing ability assay.The whitening effect was explored by tyrosinase activity inhibition test,and the irritant properties were investigated by red blood cell haemolysis test.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows:extraction temperature of 80 ℃,extraction time of 180 min and liquid-solid ratio of 30(mL/g).Under these conditions,the total saponins yield was 12.15％.The contents of total saponins,flavonoids and phenols in the water extract of S.mukorossi Gaertn.flower were higher than that of pericarp.The antioxidant capacity and tyrosinase activity inhibiting ability of the S.mukorossi Gaertn.flower water extract were good,which were better than that of pericarp.The HD50/DI＞100 of the aqueous extract of S.mukorossi Gaertn.flowers,according to the erythrocyte haemolysis test irritation grading criteria,indicated that the aqueous extract was non-irritating.
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