Extraction,Component Analysis,and Antifungal Activity on Plant Pathogenic Fungi of Zedoary Turmeric Volatile Oil
Zedoary turmeric volatile oil(ZTO)was extracted from zedoary turmeric leaves by steam distillation method,and its chemical composition was analyzed using GC-MS.The inhibitory activities of ZTO against six plant pathogens,including Rhizoctorzia solani,Colletotrichum orbiculare,Curvularia lunata,Fusarium graminearum,Valsa mali,Phytophthora capsici were measured using the mycelial growth rate method.The effect of ZTO on the ultrastructure of R.solani mycelium was observed by transmission electron microscopy and confocal laser confocal microscopy.The effects of ZTO on the physiology and enzyme activity of R.solani were also analyzed.The results showed that ZTO contained 28 effective ingredients,where caryophyllin was 3.27％,curcumene was 5.69％,eucalyptol was 5.73％,eudesmol was 6.27％,curcumone was as high as 38.16％,and the rest was less than 3％.ZTO exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on R.solani,and its median lethal concentration(EC50 value)was 14.784 mg/L,slightly lower than that of the positive control propiconazole(EC50 value of 10.521 mg/L).Compared with the blank group,the fresh and dry weight of R.solani mycelia treated with ZTO decreased by 48.47％and 62.86％,respectively.The soluble protein of the mycelia decreased by 26.32％,and the relative conductivity value increased by 16.68％after 180 minutes.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)and polyphenol oxidase(PPO)all decreased to a certain extent,and the activities of SOD and CAT decreased by 37.82％and 54.02％,respectively.The analysis showed that ZTO had a certain destructive effect on the cell membrane and cell wall of mycelium,leading to a considerable amount of electrolyte leakage in the mycelium.After entering the mycelia,ZTO exhibited a certain inhibitory effect on SOD and CAT enzymes,resulting in the reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the mycelium could not be effectively removed and a large amount of ROS accumulation,which further caused physiological and biochemical dysfunction of the mycelium,and ultimately hindered the growth of the mycelium.
zedoary leaveszedoary turmeric oilRhizoctonia solanimode of action
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