Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)is a chronic and highly disabling psychiatric disorder with a significant lifetime prevalence.It severely impacts the quality of patients'life and imposes a substantial burden on families and society.Despite adequate pharmacological and psychological treatment,10%-20%of patients show insufficient therapeutic response and are classified as refractory OCD.Deep brain stimulation(DBS),a minimally invasive,reversible,and adjustable neuromodulation technique,has been approved by several international regulatory agencies for the treatment of refractory OCD and has been recommended in several clinical guidelines and expert consensus.Currently,multiple medical centers in China have performed DBS surgery for refractory OCD.However,there remains a lack of unified guidelines or standards for clinical practice.Therefore,experts from the fields of functional neurosurgery and psychiatry,based on their clinical experience and both domestic and international research,have jointly formulated this consensus.The aim is to standardize the procedures for DBS therapy,ensuring its scientific,safe,and effective application in clinical settings.