Enhancing the Prevention of Cold Storage-induced Lesions:An Experimental Investigation into Modulation of Platelet Reactive Oxygen Species via Low-level Near-infrared Laser Irradiation
Objective To explore the modulating effects of near-infrared low level laser(LLL)irradiation on reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in platelets during cold storage,ultimately reducing cold storage-induced lesions and protecting the platelets from phagocytosis by macrophages and hepatocytes.Methods Buffer-coat-derived platelets were divided into three groups:room-temperature-stored platelets(RTP),cold-stored platelets(CSP),and CSP subjected to LLL irradiation(CSP-L).In the CSP-L group,platelets were irradiated with varying intensities of LLL irradiation(1 J,5 J,10 J)after 12 hours of cold-storage and then maintained under cold condition.After 5-day storage,ROS generation,expression of activation markers,exposure of glycosyl proteins and their residues in platelets from each group were analyzed and compared by flow cytometry(FACS).PMA-induced THP-1 cells and HepG2 hepatocytes were used to examine the phagocytosis of platelets in each group.Results After 5 days of storage,the platelet cytoplasmic ROS(cyto-ROS)level increased significantly in the CSP group compared with the RTP group(RTP vs.CSP,3 960±259.6 vs.5 846±757.4,P＜0.01),whereas the mitochondrial ROS(mito-ROS)level was lower than that in the RTP group(RTP vs.CSP,595±47.1 vs.416±50.2,P＜0.05).Notably,low-intensity LLL(1 J)irradiation in the CSP-L1 group significantly reduced cyto-ROS levels(5 846±757.4 vs.3 945±459.4,P＜0.01)and diminished the exposure of CD62P,phosphatidylserine(PS)expression and GPIb/ɑ glycoprotein residues compared with the CSP group(P＜0.05),aligning closely with the RTP group.Furthermore,the phagocytic rate of platelets by THP-1 and HepG2 cells was also obviously lower in the CSP-L1 group than in the CSP group(P＜0.05).Importantly,LLL irradiation had no significant effect on the platelet count,pH,or mean platelet volume(MPV)in cold storage.Conclusion Low-intensity LLL irradiation treatment could effectively lower the cyto-ROS levels of cold-stored platelets while maintaining low mito-ROS generation,and inhibit platelet activation and GPⅠb/ɑ desialylation,thereby reducing cold storage-induced lesions and preventing phagocytosis.
Near-infrared low level laserCold-stored plateletCold storage-induced lesionsReactive oxygen species
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