Neutrophils are the most responsive and abundant cells following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion,playing a crucial role in both inflammation and tissue repair.This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the physiological characteristics and biological functions of neutrophils,as well as the heterogeneity among different subpopulations.It also highlights the significant role of neutrophil-mediated inflammatory cascade in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.Additionally,the paper reviews various regulatory strategies targeting neutrophils,discussing their application and potential for translation to clinical practice thus far.