Evaluation of mitral annulus changes in patients with atrial fibrillation by automated software 4D-MVA with three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography
Objective:To evaluate the mitral annulus changes in atrial fibrillation(AF)patients through auto-mated 4D-MVA software with three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography(3D-TEE).Methods:We pro-spectively enrolled 24 AF patients with mild or moderate mitral regurgitation as AFMR+group,37 AF patients without mitral regurgitation as AFMR-group,and 37 cases as control group.3D-TEE was performed to obtain mitral apparatus parameters by 4D-MVA software for analysis.Results:The anterior to posterior diameter(AP)and area(A A)of mitral annulus were larger in AFMR-group and AFMR+group,the height of mitral annulus(AH)was lower,the sphericity of mitral annulus(AS)was rounder,and the nonplanarity angle(NPA)was lar-ger,the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Between the two AF groups,the end-diastolic AS in AFMR+group was rounder,the end-systolic and end-diastolic AA was higher,and the AH was lower,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05).The systolic change rates of AP,AS,AH and AA in AFMR+group were lower than those in control group and AFMR-group(all P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between control group and AFMR-group.Conclusion:In AF patients,the mitral annulus was enlarged and tended to be round and flat.The remodeling of the mitral annulus in patients with AFMR+was more significant than that in patients with AFMR-.Patients with AFMR+had more damage to the dynamic changes of the mitral annulus throughout cardiac cycle.
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