Value of cytometry microsphere array technology in differential diagnosis of infection status and types in patients with multiple myeloma
Objective:To explore the value of cytometric bead array(CBA)in differential diagnosis of infection status and types in patients with multiple myeloma(MM).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was used to col-lect the clinical data of 214 patients with MM admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to December 2022.According to whether had infection these patients was divided into MM patients with infection as the observation group(110 cases),MM patients without infection as the control group(104 cases),of which 110 cases of infection in the observation group,49 cases of Gram-positive bacteria infection(G+bacteria infection group),48 cases of Gram-negative bacteria infection(G-bacteria infection group),13 cases of fungal infection.All samples were test-ed for Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles using CBA detection technology.The characteristics of Th1/Th2 cytokine profile in uninfected and infected MM patients were observed,and the value of CBA detection of Th1/Th2 cytokine pro-file in evaluating infection in MM patients was analyzed.Results:The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interferon(IFN)-γ,interleukin(IL)-6,IL-10,CRP and PCT in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,with a statistical significant difference(P＜0.05).There was no statistical significant difference in the levels of IL-2 and IL-4 between the two groups(P＞0.05).The levels of IL-6,IL-10,CRP and PCT in G-bacterial infection group were higher than those in G+bacterial infection group and fungal infection group,and the levels of IL-6 and CRP in G+bacterial infection group were higher than those in fungal infection group,and the level of PCT was lower than that in fungal infection group,with a statistical significant difference(P＜0.05).There was no statistical significant difference in the levels of IL-2,TNF-α,IFN-γ,and IL-4 among the three groups(P＞0.05).The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was drawn and the results showed that TNF-α,IFN-y,IL-6,IL-10,CRP,and PCT had good evaluation value for infection status in MM patients,with IL-6 and IL-10 being the most significant evaluation values.The value of IL-6,IL-10,CRP and PCT in evaluating MM patients with different infection types was good.Conclusion:Compared with traditional indicators such as CRP and PCT,CBA technology for detecting Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles may be of great value for rapid diagnosis and severity assessment of early infection in the patients with MM,characterized by significantly elevated levels of TNF-α,IFN-y,IL-6,and IL-10,and can further assist in identifying G+and G-bacterial infection types.
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