Caffeine citrate is a methylxanthine class drug mainly used in neonatal intensive care units to prevent and treat premature infant apnea,reasonable use can improve the success rate of invasive ventilation and reduce the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)and patent ductus arteriosus(PDA),while also having a neuroprotective effect and improving neurological prognosis.Clinical studies have demonstrated the safety of caffeine use in the current population of premature infants,but further research is still needed to determine the optimal dosage and timing for starting and stopping caffeine use.This article reviews the mechanism of action,dosage,timing of use and timing of discontinuation of caffeine citrate.
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