Objective To understand serological detection level of syphilis in the laboratories of medical and health institutions through the syphilis serological quality evaluation activities in the laboratories of medical and health institutions in Hanzhong city in 2020,and analyze the related factors and existing problems affecting the detection ability.Methods Five copies of syphilis serum quality control products of each laboratory were issued,and the assessment content included three kinds of detection items:qualitative test of syphilis specific antibody,qualitative and quantitative test of syphilis non-specific antibody.The test results of each medical and health institution laboratories were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 39 laboratories of medical and health institutions in the city participated in the syphilis serological quality evaluation activity,of which 21 were excellent,13 were good,2 were qualified,and 3 were unqualified.The coincidence rate of Treponema pallidum serological test and non-Treponema pallidum serological qualitative test was 97.44%,and the coincidence rate of non-Treponema pallidum serological quantitative test was only 56.41%.Conclusion The serological detection ability of syphilis in the laboratories of medical and health institutions in Hanzhong city is generally good,but the quantitative detection ability of non-Treponema p allidum still needs to be improved.