Objective To investigate the clinical features,treatment and prognosis of anti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated protein 1(LGI1)antibody encephalitis in China.Methods On the basis of reviewing the medical records of one patient diagnosed with anti-LGI1 antibody encephalitis in our hospital,the clinical data of 452 patients diagnosed with anti-LGI1 antibody encephalitis reported publicly in domestic core journals from 2013 to 2023 were summarized and analyzed from the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang database.Results The highest incidence of first symptoms in anti-LGI1 antibody encephalitis patients was seizures,followed by memory loss,mental and behavioral abnormalities and other symptoms;epileptic seizures was characterized by faciobrachial dystonic seizures(FBDS),partial seizures and tonic clonic seizures.Some patients had hyponatremia.MRI mainly showed abnormal signals in the medial temporal lobe,hippocampus,basal ganglia and insular lobe.Serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid LGI1 antibodies were positive in most patients.Immunoglobulin and/or steroid therapy was effective in most patients,a small number of patients needed long-term oral immunosuppressive agents,and the prognosis was generally good.Conclusion The most common symptoms of anti-LGI1 antibody encephalitis are seizures,memory loss,mental and behavioral abnormalities.The positive rate of serum anti-LGI1 antibody was higher than that of cerebrospinal fluid.Brain MRI mostly shows abnormal signals in the temporal lobe.Although some patients may relapse in the short term,the prognosis is generally good after immunotherapy.
anti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated protein 1 antibodyencephalitisepilepsycognitive impairmentimmunotherapyprognosis
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