Objective To observe the effect of repeated regular intravitreal injection anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)drugs on ocular surface function of diabetic macular edema patients.Methods A prospective clinical control study was conducted on 30 patients with monocular diabetic macular edema who were admitted in Xinyang Central Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022.The affected eyes were used as treatment group and the contralateral eyes were used as control group.Intravitreal anti-VEGF injection was performed 6 times by the same surgeon regularly.Tear break-up time(BUT),schirmer Ⅰ test(SⅠT),Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI),Oxford Grading Scale(OGS)and lower eyelid meibomian gland loss scores were evaluated 2 weeks after the first needle,2 weeks after the third needle and 2 weeks after the sixth needle.Results Two weeks after the first needle,there were no significant differences in BUT,tear secretion,OGS and lower eyelid meibomian gland loss scores between the two groups(P>0.05).Two weeks after the third needle,the BUT of the treatment group was shorter than that of the control group,the tear secretion was lower than that of the control group,and the OGS score was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant different in the lower eyelid meibomian gland loss score between the two groups(P>0.05).Two weeks after the sixth needle,the BUT of the treatment group was shorter than that of the control group,the tear secretion was lower than that of the control group,and the OGS and lower eyelid meibomian gland loss scores were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Two weeks after the first,third and sixth needles,there was significant difference in OSDI score between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Repeated intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs can affect the ocular surface of patients,resulting in meibomian gland loss,tear film instability,decreased tear secretion,and easily lead to dry eye discomfort such as dryness,burning,and tears.
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