The Status and Trends of Using Natural Enemies in the Biological Control of Forest Insect Pests
The theoretical concept for using natural enemies in pest control has been proposed for over a century.However,in comparison to theoretical researches,the practical application of natural enemies has a history spanning over 1 000 years.Currently,the applied research on natural enemies has made significant progress.Despite certain limitations,the future application of natural enemies in forest pest control is expected to undergo further development,especially with the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and growing public concerns for the environment and personal safety.Here the mature strategies for the application of natural enemies in forestry were first provided,along with summarizes of the current state of artificial rearing and application technologies for natural enemies.Addressing the present development status of natural enemies in forest pest control,the key issues in rearing and application,such as poor reproductive efficiency,high costs,short storage periods,unscientific evaluation methods,and challenges in the approval of introducing and releasing natural enemies were highlighted.Building on this foundation,the trends in the application of natural enemies were proposed.The main principles and strategies for future application of natural enemies in forestry,the mechanized large-scale rearing,standardized quality control,and potential integration with other emerging technologies were also outlined.This review can provide guidance for the application and development of natural enemies in forestry.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
维普
