The Path and Influence of Human Interference into Giant Panda Habitat:A Case Study of the Perforations of Giant Panda Habitat in Qinling Mountains
[Objective]The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of the intrusion of perforation disturbance sources into the giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)habitat of Qinling Mountains,the influence of surrounding landscape,and the spatial utilization response of giant panda to human interferenc.[Methods]Based on the optimal foraging theory,it was hypothesized that human disturbance entered the panda habitats primarily through areas with gentle slopes,such as river valleys or gullies.The intensity of intrusion was assessed based on slope gradients.Using spatial analysis tools and landscape indices,the study compared and analyzed the avoidance distances of giant pandas from human disturbances,as well as their utilization of elevation and slope gradients with landscape characteristics in nearby gullies which make it to face the similar influence from the same disturbance sources.[Results]Human disturbances of perforation infiltrated the panda habitat through gentle valleys and gullies,impacting the spatial utilization and population distribution of giant pandas.Slope gradient emerged as the primary limiting factor for human disturbance of perforation to penetrate panda habitats.The gentler the slope,the easier it was and forcing ginat panda to seek areas farther from gullies,moving to higher elevations.However,the choice of slope gradient for panda utilization remained largely unaffected.[Conclusion]Human disturbances infiltrate giant panda habitats following slope gradients,compelling pandas to avoid such disturbances by switch to higher altitudes and greater distances from gullies.This study enhances our understanding of the characteristics of human disturbance intrusion into panda habitats and the factors influencing panda spatial use and habitat selection.It also provides a foundation for making decisions on managing and restoring habitats impacted by human activities.
habitat fragmentationhuman interferenceQinling Mountainsgiant panda
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