Research Progress on the Conservation Genetics of Brown Eared Pheasant
Brown eared pheasant is a specific bird in China and the historical distribution area was large.Due to habitat destruction,environmental changes and geographical isolation,the population of the brown eared pheasant once decreased seriously and it was listed as a national first-class protected wildlife species in China and classified as a global vulnerable species by the IUCN.After many years of effective conservation efforts,the wild population is currently distributed in some mountainous areas of Beijing,Hebei,Shanxi,and Shaanxi provinces,showing an increasing trend on both the distribution range and population size.Genetic diversity is the sum of all genetic information carried by individuals within a species,which determines the evolutionary potential of a species and its ability to resist adverse environment.As a branch of conservation biology,conservation genetics aims to explore the genetic mechanism of population genetic variation and endangered species through genetic analysis.In the past two decades,with the continuous development of research methods and technologies,researchers have achieved a series of results in the genetic diversity,inbreeding levels,and artificial population genetic management of the brown eared pheasant,and revealed the genetic mechanism of the endangered for the first time in 2020.The main reasons for the loss of genetic diversity in brown pheasants are human activity interference and habitat fragmentation.However,the genetic diversity of brown eared pheasant is very low and the inbreeding is serious,accumulating a large number of harmful mutations and still facing a great risk of extinction.At present,the development and application of high-throughput sequencing and genomics technologies can help to gain a deeper understanding of the endangered mechanism.Individuals with fewer harmful mutations can be selected for gene exchange between populations,and reintroduction work can be carried out in historical distribution areas to gradually restore the genetic diversity of brown eared pheasants,expand the population and distribution range,and scientifically carry out in-situ and ex-situ conservation of brown eared pheasant.
brown eared pheasantgenetic diversityinbreedingmolecular markersin-situ conservationex-situ conservation
万方数据
维普
