Short-term effects of air pollutants on outpatient volume of respiratory diseases in Guiyang
[Background]Affected by concentration,composition,and population tolerance of air pollutants,the relationship between air pollutants and population health has regional differences.There is still a research gap in Guiyang.[Objective]To explore the short-term effects of air pollutant concentrations in low-pollution areas on the outpatient volume of respiratory diseases.[Methods]Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between air pol-lutants,meteorological factors,and respiratory outpatient volume from January 1,2013 to De-cember 31,2020 in Guiyang City.A single pollutant distribution lag nonlinear model and a multi-pollutant interaction model were established based on Poisson distribution.A three-dimensional diagram was drawn to display the relationship between air pollutants and respiratory outpatient volume.Quantitative analysis was conducted on the attribution risk and lag effect of air pollutant concentration on outpatient volume of respiratory diseases in Guiyang City.[Results]The results of the single pollutant model showed that fine particulate matter(PM2.5),nitrogen dioxide(NO2),carbon monoxide(CO),and sulfur dioxide(SO2)elevated the outpatient volume of respiratory diseases.The maximum relative risk(RR)and 95%CI values of PM2.5,NO2,CO,and SO2 appeared on Day 2,0,5,and 6,respectively,which were 1.019(1.015,1.023),1.146(1.122,1.171),1.129(1.116,1.143),and 1.046(1.040,1.052),respectively.For every quartile concentration increment of PM2.5,NO2,CO,or SO2,the outpatient volume of respiratory diseases increased by 0.943%(0.111%,1.782%),4.050%(3.573%,4.529%),0.595%(0.317%,0.874%),or 0.667%(0.235%,1.100%),respectively.The maximum RR(95%CI)of O3 was 1.015(1.007,1.023)and appeared on Day 0.The results of multi-pollutant model showed that PM2.5,NO2,CO,SO2,and O3 all elevated the outpatient volume of respiratory diseases.The maximum RR values of PM2.5,NO2,CO,SO2 and O3 appeared on Day 14,0,5,7 and 0,respectively,which were 1.027(1.021,1.034),1.213(1.179,1.248),1.059(1.043,1.074),1.016(1.005,1.026),and 1.024(1.015,1.033),respectively.Compared with the single pollutant model,the RR values of PM2.5,NO2,and O3 on the out-patient volume of respiratory diseases in the multi-pollutant model showed an upward trend,while the RR values of CO and SO2 in the multi-pollutant model showed a downward trend.[Conclusion]The impact of low concentrations of PM2.5,NO2,CO,and SO2 on human health cannot be ignored.
air pollutantrespiratory diseasedistributed lag nonlinear modelfine particulate matternitrogen dioxidecarbon monoxidesulfur dioxideozone
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