首页|土改中的改成分退果实问题——以晋绥边区崞县为个案的考察

土改中的改成分退果实问题——以晋绥边区崞县为个案的考察

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改成分退果实是土改运动发生转向的关键环节,对土地政策正确旨向回归和中国共产党革命走向深入产生了直接影响.晋绥边区崞县在改成分退果实过程中,以先打通思想、再配合平分土地及发放土地证进行成分复查的方式,完成对错订户成分改正和利益退补.与此同时,在该过程中不可避免地出现农民不愿改订成分、乱下成分、退补果实不力等现象,并因之造成贫雇农利益受损、地主富农反攻的严重后果.中国共产党为此采取重新复查成分、严厉打击各种反攻行为等措置,对之予以应对.通过改成分退果实,不仅有效遏制了土改中"左"的偏向,亦充分巩固了国家政权对农村基层社会的强效控制,中国共产党革命的成功之道从中可见一斑.
The Issue of Reforming the Class Composition and Returning the Fruits in the Land Reform Movement of the CPC:A Case Study of Guo County in Jin-Sui Border Region
The change of class composition and the return of fruits were the key links that shifted the path of the CPC's land reform movement and had a direct impact on the return of the correct direction of the CPC's land poli-cy and the deepening of the CPC's revolution.In the process of reforming the class composition and returning the fruits,Guo County has completed the correction of the class composition of the wrongly ordered households and the return of their interests in the way of reviewing the composition by straightening out people's ideological recogni-tion,dividing the land equally and issuing land certificates.At the same time,problems such as peasants'reluc-tance to reform the class composition,indiscriminate reform of class composition,and ineffective implementation of the fruit refund inevitably emerged in the process,and as a result,the interests of poor peasants and hired peasants were damaged,and elements such as landlords and rich peasants counterattacked with serious consequences.The CPC responded effectively to this by taking measures such as launching another class composition check,and cracking down severely on various counterattacks.By reforming the class composition and returning the fruits,it not only effectively curbed the"left"bias in the land reform,but also fully realized and consolidated the strong control of the state power over the grassroots society in the countryside,which shows the success of the CPC's revolution.

Jin-Sui Border RegionGuo countythe land reform movementreforming the class compositionretur-ning the fruits

岳谦厚、苏铭

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南京大学中华民国史研究中心,江苏南京 210023

山西大学马克思主义学院,山西太原 030006

晋绥边区 崞县 土改 改订成分 退补果实

2024

吕梁学院学报
吕梁学校

吕梁学院学报

影响因子:0.126
ISSN:2095-185X
年,卷(期):2024.14(6)