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马克思对"物质利益难题"的探索与群众观的萌芽

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学界在研究马克思的群众观时,鲜有对其萌芽问题的考察.事实上,《莱茵报》时期的马克思以理性主义为原则,站在广大群众的立场上,在理论与实践中求解现实生活中国家和法维护私人利益与理性国家观之间的冲突、社会等级利益与群众利益之间的冲突、群众贫困生活现状与共产主义理想之间的差距、绝对精神与客观实在之间的冲突等"物质利益难题"时,已经在理论上初步确立群众观的立论基础,闪现出人民群众是历史推动者、是实现共产主义根本力量等思想,内在地蕴含一条从自由是人的本质的观点出发,到初步意识到群众的阶级觉醒,进而到构建国家与群众"相互教育的自由人的联合体"的理论进路.在这条进路的支撑下,马克思的群众观实现破土发芽,为马克思在以后的哲学探索中走向历史唯物主义奠定重要理论基础.
Marx's Research about"Material Benefit Problem"and the Germinate of Views of Masses
There is little academic attention about the germination in Marx's views of masses at present.In fact,Marx takes rationalism as his ideologi-cal principle and positions himself with the broad masses in addressing vari-ous conflicts such as the"material benefit dilemma"between a state that safeguards private interests law and and a rational view of the state in re-al life,the interests conflict between the social hierarchy and the masses,the disparity between the poor living conditions of the masses and the com-munist ideal,the conflict between absolute spirit and objective reality,and the fights for the the masses in practice contains a point of theoretical ap-proach from that freedom is the essence of people,then initial awareness of the class awakening of the masses to build a"union of free men of mutu-al education"between the state and the masses in the"Rheinische Zeitung"period.It provides theoretical support for understanding how Marx's views on mass movements developed over time and offers a basis for exploring histori-cal materialism philosophically.

Marxmaterial benefit problemviews of massesgerminate

孙宜芳

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中共广州市委党校党史党建教研部

复旦大学

马克思 物质利益难题 群众观 萌芽

2024

理论界
辽宁省社会科学界联合会

理论界

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.217
ISSN:1003-6547
年,卷(期):2024.(9)