Collaborative governance of environmental emergencies under the framework of large-scale security and large-scale emergency:the evolution of practice in the UK and its lessons learned
The characteristics of environmental emergencies determine that the collaborative governance must adhere to the framework of large-scale security and large-scale emergency.In the long-term evolution of practice,Britain has accumulated rich practical experience in the collaborative governance of environmental emergencies.The characteristics of British practice are that by constantly improving the legal basis,ideological basis,subject basis,interest basis and organizational basis,British practice promoted the transformation of environmental emergencies governance from"laissez-faire"to"government intervention",from"terminal emergency"to"risk governance",from"high-level elites"to"public participation"and from"fragmentary governance"to"holistic governance",to improve the ability of collaborative governance of environmental emergencies.At the same time,there are also some problems such as slow and fragmentary legislation,competition of departmental interests and conflict of group ideas in the collaborative governance of environmental emergencies in the UK.The main lessons of the UK experience lie in:balancing the interests of all parties to enhance the synergy of the governance system of environmental emergiencies;strengthening the governance of emerging contaminants to enhance the foresight of policies for governing environmental emergencies;improving social participation channels to enhance the diversity of governance forces of environmental emergencies,strengthening the territorial management to optimize the rights and responsibilities mechanism of the governance of environmental emergencies.
large-scale security and large-scale emergencyenvironmental emergencycollaborative governancelessons from the UK
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