Objectives To observe the effect of regulating the expression of P2Y6 receptor on the inflammatory level and left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH)in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR),in order to identify the key sites for the inflammation associated with hypertensive LVH.Methods Totally 48 SHRs were randomly divided into 4 groups,namely model control group,valsartan group,blocker group,and activator group.The other 12 Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)rats were set as blank control group.After 8 weeks of continuous intervention according to the corresponding treatment methods,samples were taken to measure heart weight index(HMI)and left ventricular mass index(LVMI),observe left ventricular myocardial morphology with hematoxylin eosin(HE)staining,detect protein expressions of interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the heart with immunohistochemical method,and determinate the expressions of mRNA of IL-6,TNF-α,IL-1β and P2Y6 by real time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The ventricular weight and left ventricular mass of SHR were significantly increased compared to normal rats.Serum concentration of inflammatory factors IL-6,TNF-α,IL-1β in SHR were increased as well as the corresponding mRNA and protein expressions.Activate P2Y6 receptors,IL-6,TNF-α,IL-1β serum concentrations,mRNA and protein expressions were significantly increased,while blocking this receptor resulted in a significant decrease in the corresponding inflammatory level.Conclusions SHR is a good research model for hypertensive LVH.Increased inflammatory activity occurs in SHR.The P2Y6 receptor may be a key site in the inflammatory response of SHR.