Risk challenges and governance strategies to China's food security under the new development pattern
The tight balance between food supply and demand in contemporary China will exist for a long time,but due to the superimposed influence of domestic and foreign risk factors,this tight balance is likely to be temporarily broken because of some factors that stand out,and the food shortage situation will last for several years before it is possible to return to a tight balance.Risks and challenges at home and abroad are mainly related to the following aspects:the quantity and quality of visible arable land is still declining,and hidden arable land is at risk of being destroyed;the risk of natural disasters has a tendency to aggravate,and pests and diseases are frequent;farmers'willingness to grow food is still decreasing,and the pressure of"non-food"is high;the uncontrollability of food trade is increasing,and the global supply chain is frequently affected by shocks;there is a shortcoming in the food emergency security system,and the capacity of townships and villages and societies is relatively fragile;there are a lot of hidden and persistent problems in the purchase and sale of food,and the quality of the food should be given sustained attention.In addition,these risks should not be ignored,including the continued contradiction between the supply and demand of water resources,the obvious lack of innovation in the whole chain of breeding,the gap be-tween the research and development and application of agricultural machinery and the world's advanced level,the high intensity of inputs of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,but the efficiency of resource use is relatively low,the number of grass-roots agricultural extension workers is insufficient while their quality needs to be upgraded,and the phenomenon of invisible waste of food is still present in varying degrees and even the risk of a rebound,and the supply of food is difficult to meet the needs of the population's consumption upgrade.Among these many risks and challenges,the lack of domestic preparedness to deal with them is the most important factor.Preventing the risk of food security guarantees requires both bottom-line thinking to protect the most basic people's liveli-hoods and goal-seeking to strengthen the foundation of a strong socialist modernized country.Focusing on the general requirement of"strengthening the foundation of food security in all aspects",the specific governance recommendations are as follows:implement the Food Security Law,and improve the food security law system centered on the constitution;strengthen the foundation of gathering food sources in all aspects,and continue to consolidate the ability to gather food sources through multiple channels in a stable manner;enhance the ability to supply food in all aspects,and smooth out the"last kilometer"of the food supply chain;and build up the barriers of food security in all aspects,and explicitly include food security in the scope of public-interest lawsuits.
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