Zanthoxylum bungeanum is a kind of medicinal and edible plant.It contain essential oil,alkaloids,amides,polyphenols,flavonoids and other active ingredients.It has the functions of anti-oxidation,hypoglycemic,decreasing blood lipids,antitumor activity,regulating intestinal function and so on.This paper summarizes the research progress of the active ingredients and health benefits of Zanthoxylum bungeanum,in order to provide theoretical support for further development and utilization of Zanthoxylum bungeanum.