This study systematically analysed the changes in chitinase activity and protein content under different culture conditions,focusing on the effects of glucose,peptone,chitin,inoculation amount and culture conditions on microbial growth,enzyme activity and protein synthesis.The results show that,under the conditions of 4 g·L-1 glucose,16 g·L-1 peptone,10 g·L-1 chitin,1.0×105 per liter of Penicillium oxalicum,pH 5.5,180 r·min-1 shaking speed,natural ventilation and 45 ℃ for 4 days,the enzyme of chitinase had the highest enzyme activity of 57.6 U·mL-1,corresponding to a protein content of 620.7 U·mL-1.The optimised combination of conditions improves the enzyme yield of Penicillium oxalicum,providing a basis for industrial application.