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苏轼《浣溪沙·端午》创作时间新论

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苏轼《浣溪沙·端午》(轻汗微微透碧纨)一词,自曹树铭最早为其编年以来,大多数学者都认为创作于绍圣二年(1095)端午前一日,唯有张志烈认为创作于绍圣三年(1096)端午前一日,但其编年仅根据该词与《王氏生日致语口号》一诗内容上的相近,欠缺说服力.通过对苏轼端午词创作的考察,知苏轼端午词往往不以端午节俗为重心,仅将端午节作为抒发自我胸怀的背景,而《浣溪沙·端午》却连写三项旨在辟邪除病的端午节俗,可知辟邪除病即为苏轼创作此词时心中最为重视之事.再联系绍圣二年(1095)秋所作表现朝云染病的《三部乐》一词以及朝云在绍圣三年(1096)端午过后仅仅两个月便因病逝世,可推知《浣溪沙·端午》一词当作于绍圣三年(1096)端午前一日,其背景则是苏轼为病重的朝云祈福望其能够健康长寿.
A New Viewpoint on the Creation Time of Su Shi's Ci-poetry Silk-Washing Stream·Dragon Boat Festival
Since Cao Shuming first dated Su Shi's Ci-poetry Silk-Washing Stream·Dragon Boat Festival(Light sweat slightly permeates the green silk),most scholars believed that it was created on the day before the Dragon Boat Festival in the second year of Shaosheng(1095).Only Zhang Zhilie believed that it was created on the day before the Dragon Boat Festival in the third year of Shaosheng(1096).However,Zhang Zhilie's reason for judging the time of creation was still not convincing because his judging is based solely on the similarity in content between this poem and the poem"Birthday Wishes for Lady Wang".Through the investigation of the creation of Su Shi's Ci-poetry written during the Dragon Boat Festival,we find that his such poems often do not take the customs of the Dragon Boat Festival as the core,but only take the Dragon Boat Festival as the background of expressing oneself.However,Silk-Washing Stream·Dragon Boat Festival has mentioned three customs aimed at dispelling evil spirits and curing illnesses,indicating that these were the most important thing in his mind when he created this work.Furthermore,considering the Ci-poetry Three Pieces of Music,which is the main expression of Wang Zhaoyun's illness in the autumn of the second year of Shao Sheng(1095),and the death of Wang Zhaoyun due to illness only two months after the Dragon Boat Festival in the third year of Shao Sheng(1096),it can be inferred that the work Silk-Washing Stream·Dragon Boat Festival should be created on the day before the Dragon Boat Festival in the third year of Shao Sheng(1096).The background of its creation was that Su Shi wishes for the sick Wang Zhaoyun to live a long and healthy life.

Su ShiWang ZhaoyunSilk-Washing Stream·Dragon Boat FestivalCi-poetry written during the Dragon Boat Festivaldating

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汕头大学文学院,广东汕头 515063

苏轼 王朝云 浣溪沙·端午 端午词 编年

汕头大学科研启动经费项目

STF22017

2024

乐山师范学院学报
乐山师范学院

乐山师范学院学报

影响因子:0.205
ISSN:1009-8666
年,卷(期):2024.39(9)