At present, China is in the stage of rapid development of urbanization. With improving of urbanization rate, problem of food security is particularly important. By analyzing influence factors of urbanization and food security , logic relation and mathematical relationship of urbanization and food security model were explored and established. Relationship between urbanization and food security has been further expounded, was that influence of urbanization on food security. Relationship between urbanization and food security has been evaluated. Urbanization would indeed pose a threat to food production , but coordinated development of urbanization and grain production is possible. In the medium and long term total amount of grain demand increases gradually, total grain planting area of rigidity increase must be guaranteed, rural land market should be active, rural land resources should be redistributed.