Study on the Growth and Soil Nutrients of Pennisetum giganteum in the Eastern of Ulan Buh Desert
[Objective]This paper aimed to understand the adaptability of Pennisetum giganteum in the eastern Ulan Buhe desert and its influence on soil condition,and to provide theoretical basis for solving the problem of shifting sand invading the Yellow River in this area.[Method]In this study,Pennisetum giganteum with strong stress resistance and fast growth rate was selected as the research object.By studying the growth of Pennisetum giganteum at different slope sites of dune(bottom,middle and top of slope),the synergic effect between Pennisetum giganteum and soil nutrients was discussed.[Results](1)The plant height,leaf biomass,stem biomass,and aboveground biomass at the bottom of the slope increased by 22.88%,264.75%,55.73%,and 99.79%(P＜0.05),respectively,compared with those at the top of the slope.The basal diameter,underground biomass,and root-shoot ratio at the top of the slope increased by 6.25%,36.16%,and 132.14%(P＜0.05),respectively,compared with those at the bottom of the slope.(2)Under the vertical distribution of underground biomass,the root biomass of the 0-10 cm soil layer at the top of the slope increased by 96.15%compared with that of 20-30 cm soil layer(P＜0.05).In the horizontal distribution,the root biomass at the bottom and middle of the slope at 15 cm was 3.54 and 1.88 times higher than that at 45 cm(P＜0.05).(3)The surface soil nutrient aggregation phenomenon of Pennisetum giganteum is obvious,and the available nitrogen in the soil at the bottom of the slope from 0-10 cm reaches the minimum value,which is 12.15%lower than that at 10-20 cm(P＜0.05).The soil organic matter content in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers is the lowest in bare sandy land,reaching its maximum values at the bottom and middle of the slope,respectively,with an increase of 16.42%and 13.22%(P＜0.05)compared with the original values.The available nitrogen content in the soil layer of 20-40 cm reaches which is 30.34%higher than that in bare sandy land(P＜0.05).(4)Principal component analysis showed that basal diameter,soil available phosphorus,and available nitrogen were the main indicators affecting the growth and soil nutrients of Pennisetum giganteum,and showed extremely significant or significant relationship with the biomass of different parts of Pennisetum giganteum and the total soil nutrients(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).[Conclusion]Planting Pennisetum giganteum on the bare sandy land in the eastern Ulan Buh desert can effectively fix quicksand and improve soil environmental quality.
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