摘要
[目的]探究全球气候变暖导致的降雨减少对蒙古栎林土壤理化性质的影响.[方法]本研究以三江平原地区的蒙古栎林为研究对象,搭建减雨棚对蒙古栎林进行 50%减雨处理.于生长季 5-8 月每月采集土壤样本,对土壤含水量、pH值、有机质、全氮、全磷、铵态氮、硝态氮、速效磷进行分析.[结果]结果显示,减雨条件下土壤含水量、pH值、硝态氮、速效磷含量下降,土壤有机质、全氮、铵态氮含量上升,土壤全磷含量变化不明显.双因素方差分析结果显示,以土壤含水量、pH值、有机质、铵态氮、速效磷为因变量,以减雨处理及月份为自变量时主效应存在(P＜0.05);以铵态氮、全磷为因变量,以减雨处理、月份、减雨处理-月份为自变量时主效应存在(P＜0.05);以全氮为因变量,以减雨处理、月份、减雨处理-月份为自变量时主效应不存在(P＞0.05).Spearman相关性分析结果显示,含水量与pH值、有机质与铵态氮、有机质与速效磷、铵态氮与全磷、铵态氮与速效磷显著相关,其他土壤理化因子间不具有相关性.[结论]减雨条件下土壤理化因子出现不同程度的变化,且除全氮含量外,其余理化因子的变化均与减雨作用相关.减雨情况下含水量与pH值、有机质与铵态氮、有机质与速效磷、铵态氮与全磷、铵态氮与速效磷之间显著性相关.
Abstract
[Objective]To investigate the effects of reduced rainfall due to global warming on the physical and chemical properties of Quercus mongolica forest soils.[Method]Quercus mongolica forests in the Sanjiang plain were used as the research object,and a 50%rainfall reduction shed was built to reduce rainfall on Quercus mongolica forests.Soil samples were collected monthly from May to August during the growing season and analysed for soil water content,pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus.[Result]The results showed that soil water content,pH,nitrate nitrogen,and available phosphorus content decreased,soil organic matter,total nitrogen,and ammonium nitrogen content increased,and soil total phosphorus content did not change significantly under rain reduction conditions.The results of two-way ANOVA showed that the main effect was present when soil water content,pH,organic matter,ammonium nitrogen,and available phosphorus were used as dependent variables,and when rainfall reduction treatments and month were used as independent variables(P＜0.05).The main effect was present when ammonium nitrogen and total phosphorus were used as dependent variables,and when rainfall reduction treatment,month,and month-rain reduction treatment were used as independent variables(P＜0.05).The main effect was not present when using total nitrogen as the dependent variable and rainfall reduction treatment,month,and rain reduction-month treatment as the independent variables(P＞0.05).The results of the Spearman's correlation analysis showed that water content and pH value.Organic matter and ammonium nitrogen,organic matter and available phosphorus,ammonium nitrogen and total phosphorus,ammonium nitrogen and available phosphorus were significantly correlated,while no correlation was found between other soil physical and chemical factors.[Conclusion]Soil physical and chemical factors under reduced rainfall conditions showed different degrees of non-significant changes and all the changes in physical and chemical factors except total nitrogen content were correlated with reduced rainfall.Significant correlations were found between water content and pH,organic matter and ammonium nitrogen,organic matter and available phosphorus,ammonium nitrogen and total phosphorus,and ammonium nitrogen and available phosphorus under reduced rainfall.
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