The digital transformation of enterprises in China has demonstrated initial effectiveness,and it has become a new driving force for enterprise development.However,can it further enhance the sus-tainable development capabilities of enterprises?Based on data from A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2021,this paper investigates the impact of digital transformation on sustainable development ca-pabilities and the pathways involved.Empirical tests indicate that digital transformation significantly en-hances the sustainable development capabilities of enterprises,with internal control and corporate inno-vation performance acting as partial mediators between the two.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the enhancement effect of digital transformation on sustainable development capabilities is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises,non-digital industries,and companies in eastern China,while no sig-nificant impact is noted in state-owned enterprises,digital industries,and those from central and west-ern regions.This study helps to understand the importance and necessity of digital transformation for en-terprises and its underlying mechanisms,while also providing new pathways for enhancing sustainable development capabilities.