Cultural memory shapes collective identity and conveys the knowledge and significance of sense of identity through external media.Literary works,as the medium for embodying historical mem-ories,are of vital importance to shaping individual identity in the course of literature presentation.The metaphor of space,time and parchment in the works of Toni Morrison contributes greatly to the inherit-ance of the black's historical memory as well as the black's identity.
Toni Morrisonthe metaphor of memoryidentity recognition
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