文化空间与时间中的声望生产
The Production of Fame in Cultural Space and Time
罗易扉1
作者信息
- 1. 上海师范大学影视传媒学院 上海 200234
- 折叠
摘要
人类社会中的互惠交换习俗目的何在?这是民俗学与人类学的恒久命题.其中,"库拉交换"与"礼物交换"是交换习俗的核心命题.物的交换习俗是社会关系的总和.莫斯认为,库拉交换是"竞争性的总体呈献体系",即一种互往关系.韦娜认为,库拉交换旨在获取声望并提高社会成员在地方社会中的信誉.穆恩认为,库拉交换通过改变流动路线,进而生产新的社会声望.斯特拉森在研究哈根人的"摩卡交换"时发现,礼物交换旨在为首领积累声望和财富.穆恩在研究加万社会的园艺交换与宴请行为时指出,宴请是一种拓展时空关系的行为.因此,物在不同文化时间与空间中的交换行为,最终旨在实现人的声望生产,即物的社会交换习俗的终极目的是实现人的"声望生产".
Abstract
What is the purpose of reciprocal exchange customs in human societies?This is a long-standing question in folklore and anthropology.Among these customs,the"Kula exchange"and"gift exchange"have become central themes.The exchange of things is the sum of social relationships.Marcel Mauss believes that the Kula exchange is a"competitive total presentations system",which means a reciprocal relationship.Annette Weiner believes that the Kula exchange aims to gain prestige and enhance the social reputation of members within local communities.Nancy Munn holds that the Kula exchange generates new social fame through changes in the flow routes.Andrew Strathern,in his study of the Hagen people on New Guinea's main island,found that"Moka exchange"aims to accumulate fame and wealth for leaders.Nancy Munn's study of the gardening exchange and feasting custom in the Gawan society shows that feasting is a custom for expanding spatiotemporal relationships.The exchange behavior of things across different cultures,times,and spaces aims to produce human fame.Therefore,the ultimate purpose of social exchange behavior is to achieve the"production of fame"in human societies.
关键词
文化时间与空间/声望生产/交换理论/物的交换Key words
cultural time and space/production of fame/exchange theory/exchange of things引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
NETL
NSTL
万方数据