The Relationship between the Concept of the Underworld in the Taoism of the Six Dynasties and Folk Beliefs:Centered on"Luofengshan's Ghost Palace"and"Taishan Zhigui"
In ancient Chinese folk beliefs,there early formed a simple imagination centered on the concept of"tombs as the dwellings of the dead,"corresponding to the construction of the afterlife's officialdom in the world of the living.This was combined with the urgent need for a path that both isolates the living from the dead and connects the world of the living with the underworld,where the northeast was considered the place of transition between life and death,and the beginning of all things,forming the concept of"the northeast is the gate of ghosts."This became the foundational premise for various underworld concepts,including Taoism,since the Wei and Jin Dynasties.The Taoist view of the underworld during the Six Dynasties,represented by the descriptions of the six heavenly palaces of ghosts and deities on Mount Luofeng in the Zhen Gao(真诰).While highlighting Taoist doctrines and the structure of ghosts and deities,these concepts also fully absorbed and utilized the underworld concepts such as"Taishan Zhigui"that circulated among literati and the general public.The direct connection,commonality in external expressions,and internal consistency as the path of yin and yang,and the adjudication of the underworld,reflect the continuous and profound interactive relationship between Taoism and folk beliefs during the Six Dynasties.
FengduTaishanthe northeast as the ghost gatethe integration of time and spacefolk belief
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