Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Canopy Structure Traits, Grain Yield and Quality of Wheat after Rice
In order to provide the theoretical basis for nitrogen application for high yield of wheat in the regions of rice-wheat rotation along Huaihe River in Anhui province,two wheat cultivars Jimai 22 (semi-winter and mid-gluten variety) and Yannong 19(semi-winter and strong gluten variety) in Anhui province were used as tested materials in this study.Five nitrogen application levels were set up (0,90,180,270 and 360 kg · hm-2) and the effects of different nitrogen application on canopy structure traits,yield and quality were analyzed in two genotypes.The results showed that in the range of 0-180 kg · hm-2,the plant height,leaf area index and leaf SPAD were significantly increased with the increase of nitrogen application.Wheat population intercepted more light energy,and the photosynthetic active radiation of the canopy was significantly increased,and the light transmittance of the group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The canopy reflectance decreased gradually at 400-725 nm,and gradually increased at 725-1 000 nm.With further increase of nitrogen application,the difference of canopy indices between 360 kg · hm-2 and 270 kg · hm-2 did not reach significant level (P＜0.05).Grain yield showed the trend increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application and the highest yield was obtained under 270 kg · hm-2 treatment for two cultivars.The number of spikes and grains per spike were increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen application(P＜0.05) and reached the maximum under 360 kg · hm-2 treatment,but the differences among 180 kg · hm-2,270 kg · hm-2 and 360 kg · hm-2 treatments were slight or not significant(P＜ 0.05).The 1000-grain weight was increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application,and the highest grain weight was achieved under 90 kg · hm 2 treatment.The protein content,wet gluten content and sedimentation value of wheat grain were increased with the increase of nitrogen application,and reached the maximum value under 360 kg ·hm-2 treatment.There were significant differences among nitrogen application treatments except 270 kg · hm-2 and 360 kg · hm-2 in 2014-2015 experiment(P＜0.05).In the regions of rice-wheat rotation along Huaihe River,the application of nitrogen with a lower amount of 180-270 kg · hm-2 was more suitable according to the comprehensive conditions of high yield,high quality and low environmental risk,and the properly increased nitrogen application amount can be applied to the strong gluten cultivar Yannong 19.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
维普
