Organizational Model of Teacher Advancement:A Survey of the Summer Research Institute for Science Teachers
Summer Research Institute for the Science Teachers was a model organization for in-ser-vice learning for Chinese secondary school science teachers in the 1920s.The establishment of Sum-mer Research Institute for the Science Teachers is due to the urgent need to develop the science ed-ucation in our country,the need to improve the science education in secondary schools,and the ur-gent need to advance science teachers.Summer Research Institute for the Science Teachers was re-sumed because of the good results gained from the first one.The operating characteristics of the Summer Research Institute for Science teachers are as follows:it is organized by the civil society in cooperation with schools;the domestic and foreign scientific experts are selected as the instructors;the domestic middle school science teachers are to study in summer;the course content is diverse;the management provisions are in detail and appropriate;the funds come from the community fund-ing and students'fees;and a society is formed and the results are published at the end.The histori-cal mirror of Summer Research Institute for the Science Teachers is as follows:the training ar-rangement should be personalized;training resources should be high quality and sufficient;and the training content should be based on national conditions and realistic.
Republic of Chinacivil societiesSummer Research Institute For Science Teachersscience teachers in the middle schoolteacher learning